In impeachment, bias may be shown by extrinsic evidence.

In impeachment, bias may be shown by extrinsic evidence.

• A. Evidence of bias is not admissible.
• B. Evidence of bias may be shown by extrinsic evidence.
• C. Only cross-examination can reveal bias; extrinsic evidence not allowed.
• D. Bias evidence is admissible only if the witness is not the party.

Answer: (B)

Bias goes to credibility. When a witness has a stake, interest, or relationship that could color what they say, that makes their testimony less trustworthy, and courts allow impeachment by showing bias. Extrinsic evidence may be used to prove this bias, because bias is a matter that affects reliability and should be visible to the fact-finder beyond what can be elicited on cross-examination alone. For example, a witness’s close ties to a party or a financial incentive connected to the case can be demonstrated through independent evidence. Cross-examination can reveal some bias, but it’s not the only way; extrinsic proof of bias is permissible and often necessary to expose the full extent of the witness’s motive. The other statements are incorrect because bias can be proven, extrinsic evidence is allowed, and bias can involve witnesses who are parties as well as nonparties.

Bias goes to credibility. When a witness has a stake, interest, or relationship that could color what they say, that makes their testimony less trustworthy, and courts allow impeachment by showing bias. Extrinsic evidence may be used to prove this bias, because bias is a matter that affects reliability and should be visible to the fact-finder beyond what can be elicited on cross-examination alone. For example, a witness’s close ties to a party or a financial incentive connected to the case can be demonstrated through independent evidence. Cross-examination can reveal some bias, but it’s not the only way; extrinsic proof of bias is permissible and often necessary to expose the full extent of the witness’s motive. The other statements are incorrect because bias can be proven, extrinsic evidence is allowed, and bias can involve witnesses who are parties as well as nonparties.